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Instrumental dynamic investigation methods in rehabilitation medicine
Jačisko, Jakub ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Hrazdíra, Luboš (referee) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Introduction: The subject of this thesis were two dynamic diagnostic methods of the musculoskeletal system: dynamic ultrasound examination and instrumental objectification of postural functions (measurement of the pressure produced by abdominal). Methods and objectives: Based on literature review and consensus of international experts, the aim was to create comprehensive dynamic diagnostic protocols for joints that are currently not available in the literature. Another objective was to create research articles describing the most common interventions under ultrasound guidance and also original educational materials for beginners in musculoskeletal ultrasound. Another objective was to verify whether clinical tests of postural stability correlate with objectively measured pressure produced by abdominal wall in healthy subjects and then on subjects with low back pain. Another part of the study aimed to verify if there is a correlation between the pressure produced by abdominal wall and intrabdominal pressure measured by anorectal probe. The last part of the project compared the pressure produced by abdominal cavity in patients with low back pain before and after several weeks of physiotherapy. Results: Dynamic diagnostic protocols and educational materials in the form of video galleries were created....
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Objectice evaluation of postural function of abdominal muscles and intra-abdominal pressure
Novák, Jakub ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Mezian, Kamal (referee) ; Janoušek, David (referee)
Objective evaluation of postural function of abdominal muscles and intra-abdominal pressure Abstract This dissertation deals with an important mechanism of trunk stabilization, the increase of intra-abdominal pressure. Intra-abdominal pressure is created by the coordinated contraction of the diaphragm, along with the abdominal and pelvic floor muscles. Intra-abdominal pressure works in all directions, stabilizing the trunk while reduceing axillary compression of the spine. Intra-abdominal pressure is increased during activities that require demands on the stabilization of the spine. Intra-abdominal pressure and trunk muscle activity can be measured in several different invasive and non-invasive ways. In rehabilitation medicine, anorectal or gastroesophageal probes are most often used to measure intra-abdominal pressure and measurements are often supplemented by evaluation of muscle activation using electromyography. However, these measurements are costly, time consuming and inconvenient for patients. The most common tool for evaluating trunk stabilization in rehabilitation practice is digital palpation of abdominal wall tension. However, this evaluation method is subjective. Therefore, new pressure sensors have been developed that allow non-invasive assessment of abdominal wall tensionand thus also the...
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Expansion of the abdominal wall as a consequence of intrabdominal pressure
Podskalská, Patricie ; Novák, Jakub (advisor) ; Kobesová, Alena (referee)
The thesis examines the relationship between the level of intra-abdominal pressure and abdominal wall expansion. The theoretical part brings an overview of knowledge about the function of intra-abdominal pressure and about the possibilities of objectification of postural functions. There are described studies which dealt with the influence of intra-abdominal pressure on the stability of spine. Theoretical part also includes detailed description of individual invasive and non-invasive methods of measurement of intra-abdominal pressure and activation of abdominal muscles. Work methodology: In the practical part the intra-abdominal pressure was measured using anorectal manometry and abdominal wall expansion by utilizing DNS brace device. 31 healthy examinees with average age of 26.77 (SD 3.01) were measured in five different standing postural situations: during resting breathing, Valsalva Maneuver, Müller's maneuver, diaphragm test and in the situation with added external load in the form of static holding of dumbbell. Results of the thesis: Among the values of the pressure gathered from the DNS brace device and from anorectal manometry was proven statistically important correlation (p < 0.001) in all five tested situations. In all situations the Pearson Correlation Coefficient was higher than 0.6...
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